Renaissance on the Airwaves

There’s something of a mini-renaissance taking place on America’s radio waves—particularly on public radio—but you’d be hard-pressed to find any note made of it in most newspapers, on television, or even on public radio itself. Compared with other media, “radio may be the least discussed, debated, [and] understood,” remarks author and environmental activist Bill McKibben.

It’s not that no one is listening. NPR’s flagship news programs, _Morning Edition_ and _All Things Considered,_ each draw about 13 million listeners in the course of a week, audiences that dwarf the number of subscribers to major print publication such as _The New York Times_ and _The New Yorker._ And these well-regarded news programs (polls show that public radio is the most trusted news source in the country) are just the tip of the iceberg—a panoply of high-quality call-in shows, local talk programs, and interview shows such as _Fresh Air_ round out the standard NPR station’s offerings.   Not too long ago, “radio was dead,” remembers Robert Krulwich, a host of the science- and philosophy-focused _Radiolab._ “All the smarties were at the _Times_ or _The Washington Post._ . . . This group of nutty people wandered in and said, let’s do radio. We’ll reinvent it.” Today, those nutty people run the show, “and now they have a little of the swagger of the _Times_men.”   McKibben argues that the success of the NPR news programming has “tended to wash out some of the distinctiveness.” Today, the creativity is happening elsewhere, in programs such as _Radiolab_ and Ira Glass’s _This American Life,_ a weekly hour that prides itself on producing so-called driveway moments—segments so good you can’t leave your car. Both programs have tackled subjects many traditional news outlets would shy away from. The hosts of _Radiolab,_ in “an almost comic attempt to make their job hard,” have explored topics such as time, morality, and memory.   The Internet’s ascendance has meant that audio files can circulate among friends, and that a program, once aired, has a second life online. Before the Internet, says _Radiolab_’s other host, Jad Abumrad, “it was hard for us to justify the amount of labor we put into it. Because it was disposable, just out there in the world and then gone.”   But the economics aren’t quite working out, for stations and producers alike. Podcasts are nearly universally offered for free, and many stations can’t afford edgier, more experimental programs. One independent producer, Benjamen Walker, estimates that he made $80 on a widely promoted show called _Theory of Everything_ that ran on six NPR stations across the country. “If I thought about it too hard, I would just quit.”