Nigerian Youth in Focus: Africa's Future in a Single Nation
– Amarachi Nwosu
Scenes of the challenges and opportunities of a youthful giant.
Lagos' iconic yellow buses, popularly called Danfo, cluster at Idumota market, one of West Africa’s largest markets. This image encapsulates the vibrant hustle of daily life as passengers exit and enter the busy marketplace.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Idumota, Lagos
Nigeria stands at a pivotal moment, a nation rich in diversity with more than 370 ethnic groups, each brimming with youthful potential that could reshape Africa's future. With over 60% of its population younger than 25 years old, it is not only the continent's most populous country, but a vibrant hub of innovation in finance, tech, agriculture, creative industries, and more. However, this demographic advantage comes with its own challenges.
A bus conductor in Isale Eko, Lagos, December 2022. The Conductor seen in the image passes a young girl lost in thought as he calls customers to load onto the bus. The conductor's role includes calling out the bus route, collecting fares, and helping with loading and unloading goods. Known for their loud and energetic demeanor, conductors are essential in managing the bustling environment of Lagos' public transportation system.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Isale Eko, LagosGuarded by a retinue of ornately dressed palace guards, the Emir of Bauchi's Palace, built in the 19th century by a master builder from Zaria, showcases traditional Hausa architectural styles and is the site of a daily changing of the guard ceremony, a tradition that has endured for centuries. This historical site, a testament to the enduring legacy of the Hausa people, is frequently visited by tourists interested in Nigeria’s rich cultural and history.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Emir’s Palace, Bauchi, NigeriaA sunset view over Eko Atlantic, an ambitious project to develop a new high-income neighborhood on land reclaimed from the ocean. This image captures the intersection of urban development and natural beauty in Lagos.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Eko Atlantic, Lagos
Through a Nigerian Lens
This photo essay delves into the lives of young Nigerians, not through an outsider's gaze, but through the intimate lens of young Nigerians themselves. Taiwo Aina, a visual storyteller known for documenting societal issues, focuses her photography on women, agriculture, and entrepreneurship. Ifebusola Shotunde, drawn to the human experience, captures the beauty and resilience found in everyday lives. Ugochukwu Emebiriodo, a curator with a keen eye for detail, showcases the bustling energy of Lagos and the diverse landscapes of West Africa. These photographers offer a unique perspective on the hopes, struggles, and triumphs of their peers.
Captured in Cotonou, Benin Republic, this image features Nigerian musician and entrepreneur Mr. Eazi. It highlights the blend of artistic and business acumen that characterizes many young Africans today. With remote work increasing in tech and emerging industries, pan-African exchange across Africa for artists and entrepreneurs is on the rise.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Cotonou, Benin RepublicTarkwa Bay, one of the only surviving beachfronts close to the Lagos metropolitan area, offers a peaceful escape from the city. This image shows local youth engaging in a football match, embodying the joy and vibrancy of Lagos life.Ugochukwu Emebiriodo – Tarkwa Bay, Lagos
A Demographic Boom
By 2050, Nigeria's population is expected to double, reaching approximately 400 million people, and marking a significant demographic shift. A young, energetic generation holds the potential to propel Nigeria–and the entire continent–toward a period of substantial economic growth. From the technological advancements made in Lagos to the global recognition of Nollywood and Afrobeats, the ingenuity and creativity of young Nigerians can not be denied. Lagos, a recognized urban powerhouse, boasts hundreds of active startups and tech companies. Nollywood, the world's second-largest film industry, contributes more than $600 million to Nigeria's GDP, while Afrobeats' influence transcends music, shaping global trends in fashion, dance, and cultural exchange.
In the aftermath of devastating floods in September 2022, this school in Koton Karfe, Kogi State, Nigeria, has become a temporary makeshift refuge for displaced families. This image is part of "After the Fall," an ongoing project by Taiwo Aina that explores the human impact of climate change. The project uses the floods in Koton Karfe as a case study to document the struggles of communities forced to rebuild after climate-related disasters.Taiwo Aina – Koton Karfe, Kogi State, Nigeria“I’m a foodstuff retailer, I deal directly with agriculture. Without me, food won't be readily available for people. I love what I do.” This photograph, captured during the photographer Taiwo Aina’s early foray into street photography, marks a turning point. While the bustling market initially drew her in with its visual dynamism, this encounter revealed a deeper truth: the power of storytelling through portraits. Her interaction with this food retailer sparked a shift from capturing fleeting moments to crafting narratives that delve into the lives and passions of everyday people.Taiwo Aina – Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria“NYSC has power because I have one aunty that teach me dictation, before I don’t know my name sef, na her teach me. I say Nysc has power. I want to become a pilot, Nysc is my role model. If I study very well, I can become what I want.” - Fatima Aliyu, 2022. This photo captures Fatima Aliyu, a resident of a camp for internally displaced people in Nigeria. Fatima's story exemplifies the transformative power of the National Youth Service Corps (NYSC) program. Through her interactions with an NYSC corps member who taught her basic literacy skills, Fatima gained knowledge and hope for the future. Her dream of becoming a pilot reflects the inspiration she draws from NYSC's commitment to education and service.Taiwo Aina – Camp for internally displaced people, Nigeria
Challenges and Unwavering Spirit
Despite this immense potential, significant hurdles persist. Unequal access to quality education, particularly for girls in rural areas, limits opportunities. High unemployment rates force many young Nigerians into precarious jobs. The impact of climate change adds another layer of complexity, threatening both natural resources and public health. Yet, amidst these challenges, stories of resilience and determination stand out. Young entrepreneurs are creating jobs, tech innovators are gaining global recognition, and artists are capturing the world's attention. These narratives highlight the incredible potential that can be realized if the right support and investments are made.
A lone figure stands resolute, their face obscured by a mask. Yet, their voice rings clear through the message emblazoned on the poster: stop threatening unarmed citizens with rifles. The mask becomes a symbol of anonymity in the face of potential retribution, but also a shield for those too afraid to openly speak their truth. This photograph captures the raw emotions of the #EndSARS movement: the demand for justice and accountability, even in the face of risk.Ifebusola Shotunde – Lagos, Nigeria #EndSARS protestA young photographer captures this tense moment as a naval officer stands guard, his expression a stern warning. Charging forward from a resolute crowd of #EndSARS protestors, the officer seeks to control the situation–and the narrative. The camera becomes a contested space, highlighting the clash between the public's right to document and the authorities' desire to control the image of the protest. The photograph speaks to the complexities of documenting social movements and the potential for conflict between citizens and those in power.Ifebusola Shotunde – Lagos, Nigeria #EndSARS protest
A Call for Justice: The 2020 #EndSARS Movement
In 2020, Nigerian youth came together in a powerful display of unity during the #EndSARS movement. This social protest was sparked by police brutality and called for Nigeria’s notorious Special Anti-Robbery Squad, or SARS, to be dissolved. It showcased the collective voice and unwavering spirit of young Nigerians who demanded change. The movement, while met with challenges and a show of force by authorities, exemplified young people’s commitment to a better future for themselves and their nation.
Adegoke Paul, a young Nigerian, watches President Muhammadu Buhari address the nation on #EndSARS from his home in Ilorin, Kwara State, on October 22, 2020. The End SARS protests in October 2020 were a youth-led movement demanding the disbandment of the Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS), notorious for brutality and corruption. Originating from a Twitter campaign in 2017 using the hashtag #EndSARS, the movement faced violent crackdowns, culminating in the Lekki Toll Gate massacre on October 20, 2020, where soldiers opened fire on unarmed protesters. These protests marked a crucial moment in Nigeria's fight against police misconduct and for government accountability.Taiwo Aina – Ilorin, Kwara State, NigeriaIkoyi, Lagos, Nigeria, February 25, 2023: Voters cast their ballots, a mix of anticipation and determination etched on their faces. In Nigeria, the right to vote comes when you register for a permanent voter card (PVC) at age 18, and choose your polling unit. Here, on Election Day, verification against the voters' database is followed by accreditation, a process that confirms PVCs, captures fingerprints, and photographs. “Documenting Election Day evoked mixed emotions within me. I felt a sense of satisfaction in being able to photograph this historic event. It was remarkable to witness the enthusiasm of the youth and their desire for change as they turned out in large numbers to exercise their voting rights, something that hadn’t been seen in Nigeria for a while.” -Taiwo AinaTaiwo Aina – Ikoyi, Lagos Nigeria
Investing in the Future
The future of Africa rests largely on the potential of young Nigerians. The images and stories presented here stand as a testament to their enduring spirit and creativity. Investing in education, fostering entrepreneurship, and ensuring equitable access to political participation and quality education are all crucial to young people becoming the driving force behind economic growth and social progress.
Amidst the vibrant energy of a People’s Democratic Party political rally in Ughelli, a young student pauses to contemplate a campaign placard. The child's furrowed brow and thoughtful expression reveal a deeper question. Will they, and their generation, truly get to inherit, shape, and lead in the future? The expression on the child’s face captures a broader moment of introspection amidst the political fervor. It's a silent question posed not just by the child, but by a generation yearning for a voice and a stake in their nation’s trajectory.Ifebusola Shotunde – Ughelli, Delta State, Nigeria.Bathed in the dappled light filtering through the grove, a woman stands with her children. The stark contrast of black and white emphasizes the timeless quality of this scene. A Christian crucifix adorns her neck, a testament to her faith. Yet, they stand within the Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove, a place of deep reverence for the Yoruba water deity, Osun. This photograph captures the intricate blend of belief systems in Nigeria, where Christianity and traditional religions coexist. The woman's quiet presence represents the ability to hold multiple truths, ensuring a rich cultural heritage for her children.Ifebusola Shotunde – Osun Osogbo Sacred Grove, Nigeria
Beyond Technology: Building a Strong Foundation
While technology offers a major opportunity to bolster Nigeria's GDP, barriers persist. Inconsistent power and electricity, poor banking infrastructure, and widespread skepticism toward new technologies like cryptocurrency, exemplified in the Central Bank of Nigeria’s 2022 ban on cryptocurrency, impede mainstream adoption and stifle innovation. Additionally, the scarcity of opportunities for young people fosters discouragement and exclusion, stalling further innovation. Acknowledging and nurturing human capital, especially among the youth, is crucial for sustainable progress. The critical question remains: Will Nigeria unlock the potential of its young population, or will it be hindered by ongoing insecurities and missed opportunities?
Contributor bios:
Amarachi Nwosu is a Nigerian-American self-taught filmmaker, artist, writer and producer. She is the founder of Melanin Unscripted, a media platform and creative studio aimed at dismantling stereotypes and blurring cultural lines by exposing complex identities and cultures around the world. Through Melanin Unscripted’s global creative community, it creates stories, conversations, and experiences centered around underrepresented narratives that are both timely and timeless. Amarachi produced and directed “Black In Tokyo”, a groundbreaking short documentary that exposes the black experience living in Tokyo, Japan. Amarachi was announced as an honoree in Forbes Africa 30 under 30 Class of 2021 list in the creative visual arts industry and has been featured on platforms like Vogue Magazine, The Japan Times, Huffington Post, Black Enterprise and The Fader.
Ifebusola Shotundecreative work reflects a profound interest in the human mind and the fortification of communal and interpersonal relationships. Primarily identified as a fine art photographer, he observes and documents the people and places he encounters on his life's journey, often addressing societal issues while celebrating the beauty of life. His latest experimental project, Our Home Studio, based in Ibadan, nurtures artistic collaboration to inspire societal and environmental change.
Taiwo Aina is a freelance filmmaker and visual storyteller based in Lagos, Nigeria. Specializing in documenting real-life experiences, her work often addresses societal issues affecting daily life, with a particular focus on women, agriculture, and entrepreneurship. Taiwo holds a degree in Agricultural Economics from the University of Ilorin and has been published in prestigious outlets like CNN, The New York Times, Guardian UK, and Reuters. Her work on the "End SARS" movement has been exhibited internationally. Taiwo is also a member of several esteemed photography organizations, including Diversify Photo and Black Women Photographers
Ugochukwu Emebiriodo is a curator and photographer from Lagos, Nigeria, known for capturing the essence of the human experience with his keen eye for detail. Inspired by the chaotic energy of Lagos' mainland, Ugochukwu's photography ranges from monochrome to vibrant color, reflecting the city's hustle and bustle. He frequently travels across West Africa, documenting diverse landscapes and the everyday moments of joy and struggle. Ugochukwu has curated the photography pavilion for the inaugural edition of the +234 Art Fair and has been published in renowned outlets like Guardian UK, VICE UK, and Art Basel. His work has been exhibited in cities such as Lagos, London, and Miami, earning him international recognition.
